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J. M. PENDLETON. ELEGTRIO LOOOMOTION.

No. 323,199. Patented July 28, 1885.

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J. M. PENDLETON.

ELECTRIC LOGOMOTION.

No. 323,199. Patented July 28, 1885.

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J. M. PENDLETON.

ELECTRIC LOGOMOTION.

No. 323,199. Patented July 28; 1885.

(@ZLMEZW UNITED ST TES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN M. PENDLETON, OF NE\V YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE EQUITABLEELECTRIC COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

ELECTRIC LOCOMOTION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 323,199, dated July 28,1885.

Application filed March 5, 1895. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, JOHN M. PENDLETON, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, county and State of New York, have 5 inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Electric Locomotion, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to electric locomotion, and embraces novel anduseful features in a system operated by self propelling cars, wherebysuch cars are adapted to be used 011 lines provided with means forsupplying the electric current to the cars while in motion; and it alsoembraces improvements in self- 1 propelling cars, which consist inmaking the car-body detachable from the motor or truck, said motor-carcomprising the wheels, axles, and suitable framework, and containingaccumulators or storage-batteries and the elec 2o tromotor permanentlyattached thereto, and

constituting the running-gear of the detachable car-body when appliedthereunder. The motor-car is constructed to be moved from under thecar-body at the termini or charging- 2 stations of the road, thecar-body being there supported on suitable frame-work. This admits ofthe motor-car being replaced by another IDOlJOP'CELI' whose store ofelectrical energy in the accumulators or storage-batteries has beenrenewed, said change of motor-cars,

taking place while the car-body is being unloaded and reloaded, thussaving considerable time in the operation of electrical railways workingunder this system of selfpropelling cars.

To fully describe the construction and operation of my improvements, Iwill now refer to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1, Sheet1, is a longitudinal central .ro sectional elevation of my improvedelectric locomotive or motor-car and carbody. Fig. 2, Sheet 2, is anunder side View of the same. Fig. 3, Sheet 2, is a plan view of themotor-car. Fig. 4, Sheet 3, is a transverse section of Fig. 1, taken online 00 m. Fig. 5, Sheet 3, represents the motorcar about to leave thecar-body.

Fi 6, Sheet 3, represents the motor-car entirely detached from thecar-body; and Fig.

7, Sheet 1,is a diagram view showing the electrical connections of themotor, battery, 850. The body or truck a of the motor-car consists ofsuitable frame-work having the bearing boxes of the wheels attachedthereto in the ordinary manner. The two main longitudinal timbers a aproject up above the top 5 5 of the car, and constitute the side of there ceptacle for the accumulators or storage-batteries b b, saidbatteries being so made as to be permanently fixed on or in the car. Oneend only of the car is provided with a platform, a", on which is securedthe electric motor c,arranged with its armatureshaft vertical, the lowerend of which shaft projects below the platform, and is provided with abevelpinion, c, which meshes into the bevel-wheel d, rotating inbearing-brackets depending from the platform o A pulley, (if, on theshaft of this bevel-wheel d is connected by the belt (2 to the pulley e,secured to a transverse shaft, e,located at the center of the car, andthis shaft 6 is connected to one of the axles a? of the wheels to bymeans of the chain wheels ff and chain belt f the two axles a a beingconnected together by the pulleys g g and belt 9". The object ofconnecting the shaft 0 to the axle a by means of a chain belt is tocompensate'for the vertical movement of the car and shaft e relativelyto the axles w" a, as said chain belt does not require to be perfectlytight to insure positive motion from the driving to the drivenchain-wheel. The sizes of driving-pulleys and gears and driven pulleysand gears are so proportioned as to reduce the number of v revolutionsat which it is necessary to run the motorto ob- 8 5 tain effectiveresultstherefroin to the speed which itis desired to impart to the axlesa a The accumulators or storage-batteries b b, permanently attached tothe car in the box formed by the two longitudinal timbers a a, 0 havetheir terminals at I) and b (marked and which are connected to acommutator on the motor adapted to pass 'the electric current thereto,according to the direction it is desired to run the motor.

The electromotor used is of that class in which the conducting-wires ofthe armature and field-magnet system are joined in multiple are, so thatthe current is divided between them, and is caused always to flowthrough 109 the armature in one direction, and its direction through thefield-magnet wire, the ends the rails.

of which are joined to the contact-blocks of the commutator or polechanger, is changed, according to the direction in which it is desiredto run the motor.

Between one of the terminals, b and the commutator his placed theautomatic switch It, to which are joined the contact rollers or brushes45 1, carried by brackets from the bottom of the car, so as to pass thecurrent to the motor or accumulators, or to both, from conductors alongthe track, one of which may be one of The object of this provision inthe construction is to enable electric cars, which carry their ownsource ofelectricity, to be run on lines of greater length than thestorage-battery carried thereby is capable of supplying current for. Insuch case part of the line can be provided with fixed conductorsconnected to a source of electricity, the motor receiving currenttherefrom, which current can also be passed through the storagebatteriesto charge them while the car is traveling over the part of the line soprovided with conductors, so that when the car reaches the part of theline or a siding or branch track unprovided with conductors the storedenergy in the accumulators is utilized to drive the motor.

The diagram View, Fig. 7, clearlyindicates the connections and devices.In this view 0 represents the motor, on which is placed the commutatorh, consisting of a pivoted plate of insulating material provided withtwo outside metal blocks,j and j, connected to one termi ml, 0 ofthemotor, and a central block, j connected to the other terminal, 0", ofthe motor. One of the terminals of the battery I) is connected to thefixed contact-spring It, and the other terminal to the armature h of theautomatic switch, which armature It also joins the contact roller orbrush t, and is upheld by a spring against the stop h. This stop h isconnected to the fixed-spring k, and also to the other contact roller orbrush, 1;, the conductor which joins it to the brush i first passingaround the iron core of the automatic switch to form the coil thereof.

The blocksjj'j on the plate of the commutator are so shaped and arrangedthat when the plate is placed in one position the terminal of thebattery I), by the spring k, is joined to the block j, and the otherterminal of the battery, by the armature If and the contactspring is, isconnected to the central block, j, thus causing the battery-current toflow through the motor in one direction. When the plate is placed inanother position, the positive spring of the battery is on the block jand the negative spring on the block j, thus causing the current to flowthrough the motor in the opposite direction; or the plate may be placedso that both contact-springs k k bear on the block j, as shown, and inthis position the motor is out out of the circuit, which is required tobe done when the battery is being charged through the contact rollersorbrushes V 1' z", the car being stationary at the charging- ;station,or at any part of the line provided with the conductors from the fixedsource of electricity. In this case, the brush 1' being in contact withthe positive rail or conductor, and the brush 2' on the negative rail orconductor, the chargi'ng'current passes through the coil of theautomatic switch h to the stop h ,thr0ugh the armature h, and to thenegative rail or conductor. The magnet immediately attracts the armatureaway from the stop h, causing the current to flow through and charge thesecondary battery I). Now, assuming that the commutator is set so thatthe charging-current also passes through the motor, and assuming thatthe car is thereby moving along the rails, the motor will be actuatedand the accumulators charged by current from the fixed source ofelectricity until the car passes onto a part of the rail unprovided withthe supply-conductors. As soon as this occurs, the current ceases toflow through the coil of the automatic switch h, and its armatureisimmediately broughtin contact with the stop h thus closing the circuitof the accumulator and motor. Said motor can then be actuated by theaccumulator in either direction, according to which two of the threeblocksjj'j" of the commutator h the springs k lcare caused to bearagainst. The motor is stopped by setting the commutator so that both thesprings 70 It" bear on the insulated plate of the commutator.

The switch h is for the purpose of breaking the charging-conductorcircuit on the motor when necessary.

The detachable car-body l is shown as being of the open central-seatconstruction, but is provided with a platform, I, and entrancesteps atone end only, and on its under side are secured the small bearingfwheelsm m, by which it is supported on the fixed supportingframen, located atthe charging-stations,when the motor-oaris run from under the carbody,as shown at Fig. 6, the rails s at such place being slightly inclined toallow the motor to clear the car-body, and the car'body and motorcar areautomatically connected together by the following means:

Transversely-projecting pins 0 0, secured to each side of the motor caror truck a, engage in books 19 11, secured to the bottom of the car-'body near the end at which the platform Z is situated, and from theother end of the carbody depend the pins q q, which pass "into sockets rr, secured to the motor car or truck near its platform.

The manner in which the motor car or truck takes up the car-body is asfollows: The carbody rests on the fixed supporting-frame n, and themotor-car is run up the inclined rails, as shown at Fig.6,s0 as to passunder the car-body. The projecting side pins, 0 0, of the motor-carengage in the hooks p on the car-body, the downwardly-projecting pins qq of the body being then directly over the sockets r r of the motor-car.As the motor-car continues to move forward upthe inclined rails s, thecar body is carried along with it off from the supporting-frame n, thepins q q entering the sockets r r, and by the time thebody-supportingwheels m are clear of the supporting-frame a the car-body is restingfirmly on the motorcar, and securely connected thereto by the hooks p p,pins 0 0 q q, and sockets r r, and if desired a simple locking devicemay be applied to the pins (1 q and sockets r r. The reverse actiontakes place when the car arrives at the charging-station, the sockets rr carrying the body onto the supporting-frame n by bearing against thepins q 9 until the sockets r r clear the pins qq, as shown at Fig. 5.The motor-car is then free to run down the inclined rails clear of thecar-body. The accumulators or storage-batteries on the motor-car passunder the centrally-placed seats of the car-body, the end of thecar-body being open at this place, Z, as shown at Fig. 1, to admit oftheir passage.

If it is desired to use car-bodies having side seats with a detachableself-propelling motor, then the accumulators 0r storage-batteries willbe arranged in two sets at the sides of the motor-car, so as to passunder the side seats.

Having now described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, 1f

1. An electromotor-car actuated by self-contained accumulators orstorage-batteries and electromotor, in combination with a car-bodydetachably connected thereto, substantially as set forth.

2. In an electromotor-car, in combination, accumulators orstorage-batteries, an electric motor provided with a commutator by whichthe current from the battery is used to actuate it in either direction,and by which it may be cut out of the battery-circuit, an automaticswitch the armature of which is in the circuit of the battery and motor,a contact-brush constructed and arranged to bear on a conductor fixedalong the line, and connected to the bat tery and motor through themagnet-coil of the automatic switch, and a contact-brush constructed andarranged to bear on another fixed conductor, and joined to the circuitof the battery and motor on the other side of the automatic switch,substantially as set forth. 7

3. An electromotor-car having a platform at one end and an electricmotor secured thereon, and accumulators or storage-batteries permanentlyattached along the length of the top of the car-truck, in combinationwith a car-body having a platform at one end and an opening at the otherend, through which the accumulators pass when the motor-car and car-bodyare being connected to or separated from one another, substantially asset forth.

4. The combination,with a car-body having downwardly-projecting hooks atone end and downwardly-projecting pins at the other end, of a motor caror truck having pins projecting from its sides at one end,adapted toengage the downwardly-projecting hooks of the car-body, and sockets atits other end,adapted to receive the downward]y-projecting pins of thecarbody, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In an electromotor-car, in combination, an electric motor having itsshaft arranged vertically, a bevel-pinion secured to the lower end ofits armature-shaft, a bevel-wheel secured to ashaft parallel with thecar-axles, and connecting pulleys and belts, whereby motion is impartedto the axles from the motors, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, at New York, countyand State of New York, this 19th day of February, 1885.

JOHN M. PENDLETON.

Witnesses:

H. D. WILLIAMS, FLOYD CLARKSON.

